made-to-order – Skunkadelia https://skunkadelia.com Steel Sculptures of Friendly Robots Wed, 20 Dec 2023 00:46:34 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.6.2 https://skunkadelia.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/cropped-skunkadelia-favicon-1-32x32.gif made-to-order – Skunkadelia https://skunkadelia.com 32 32 Houston M424 https://skunkadelia.com/works/houston/ Wed, 13 Sep 2023 21:28:40 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=11604 What Makes an Astrobot an Astronaut? While I've never thought of my robots as 'not having clothes', I didn't think of them having clothes either. The idea of adding an additional layer without having the robot appear bulkier turned out to be one of those simple solutions to a problem that requires a greater share of soul searching - as well as steel parts searching - than even the most experienced and nuanced mind of a master junk metal sculptor could have anticipated. I found the answer in one of my metal ammo cans: [caption id="attachment_11664" align="alignnone" width="1900"]a collection of neatly arranged metal boxes, one of which is labelled 'spring' A noble use for surplus military ammo cans - metal boxes for metal parts.[/caption] I tend not to use springs in my work - not because they aren't a good aesthetic component to use, but because spring steel loses a good deal of it's strength when heated with a welding torch. My solution to this was to rely on the rods placed inside the springs for the strength needed to hold this heavy bot together. This worked out well since I was looking to have the spring be the outer protective layer to the arms and legs underneath.

Rethinking the robot joints for space travel

When crafting a robot from a limited collection of steel bits and bobs, limited choices can lead to a more impressionistic approach for the interfaces of critical joints such as hips and shoulders. A robot can have more loosely defined gaps, which give them their playful robotic feel. This tried-and-true technique wasn't holding up with this piece: A spacesuit is vacuum tight - which lead me to reimagining new ways to connect arms and legs to the torso. I needed to rethink my methods and push towards a more seamless interface between all parts so the suit looked space-worthy. Fortunately for me, a long-distance fan from St. Cloud, Minnesota has been sending me heavy packages filled with lots of amazing steel pieces: amongst the parts were a set of baoding balls - which happened to fit perfectly into the opening of the vintage bicycle hub used for the torso. As an added bonus, this means that when you shake the robot it chimes.

The robot torso

I used a very special bike hub for the torso: a Sears three-speed bicycle hub made in Austria in 1964 - complete with a port once used to for internal gear lubrication - something to add to the spacesuit vibe. It was the only 'torso' in my collection that looked right. It polished up very nicely except where the chrome has flaked off. These imperfections are what I love about old steel parts - they give the spaceman some 'mileage' - looks like he's had many adventures already!

Dropping the Shield and Striking the Arc

It was fun having lots of a-ha moments to formulate an overall plan, but after a while I needed to strike that welding arc and go from the planning stage and into the preparing stage, to the actual making part. The transition was not as cut and dry: I was constantly rethinking solutions to problems that I didn't feel were resolved, swapping some parts for others, and sometimes omitting things I once thought important to the piece. It was slow going, but good things take time and careful consideration, along with a fair share of refinement and rework now and then.

The Space Helmet

The helmet took some time and patience. Getting the robot's eyes as close to the head was very important in order the stainless tubing scrap end to fit on his head. This is the second piece of mine to have reimagined smaller eyes, which gives my newest robots a more human look. This makes it possible for me to be able to sleeve the stainless tube over the head after a bit of grinding the nut to become the cranium. I designed and built the helmet to use a disc shaped rare-earth magnet so it can firmly connect with the astronaut's head, firmly enough so that if you twist the helmet, the head twists with it. Having a magnet on the inside of the helmet also means the astronaut can hold it in either hand. While I'm reluctant to have my art be able to separate into pieces, I felt this one needed to be one of those rare exceptions. I carefully cut the visor hole using a drill press, hacksaw, and dremel tool, then cleaned the edges with a file and sandpaper. Welding the helmet pieces together gave the helmet a nice bit of color in the heat-affected zone - I used the same torch technique to soften the visor edge. I realized when the piece was completed that the helmet could be worn backwards to make the astronaut look like an alien.

The Space Pack

The backpack consists of three very solid blocks of tool steel of enough mass to have a significant shift in the center of gravity - so the Astronaut must lean forward to compensate. I calibrate my welding bench each time a make a robot, so all my pieces start of on level ground, and therefore are as stable as can be. All major parts must be connected before the balancing act takes place, and a solid steel pack causes a significant shift in center mass. I usually the feet get connected near the end of the construction process regardless, but I was concerned this astronaut would lose it's impression of near-weightlessness.

A heavy robot that's light on it's (low gravity) feet

Sculptures made from solid steel tend to be very heavy - an aspect that works well to give the figure a sense of real weight. Normally this works in my favor, but I wanted this piece to seem almost ready to float. I welded hidden 'heels' in the centers of his feet at a severe angle, then cut pieces of scrap 4130 tubing I had laying around from my latest bicycle tallbike project to cover the feet. I was very pleased with how the toe boxes covered gaps and gave a seamless look. I decided to continue the motif to fill in the small gaps between the springs used for the arms and legs. This method of cutting specific fill shapes out of tubing is a evolutionary breakthrough and will most likely be used in some future pieces.

The final touches - finihshing

I've been finishing metal since the year 1998. This astronaut was finished with multiple techniques using a polishing wheel, abrasive pads, emery, and even some semi-purposeful blemishing during construction to help add to the backstory, such as the dent on the top of the helmet made by my beloved antique vise.

Apollo, we have a problem…

As the piece slowly progressed towards completion a couple of names came to mind, but the one that felt right was Apollo - certainly a fitting name for an Astrobot astronaut. I stamped the boilerplate and delicately welded the thin-gauge copper sheet to the solid block of tool steel - not an easy feat for even the most experienced TIG welder. This trick acts a bit like my signature, but it doesn't always go smoothly as the copper absorbs heat quickly and can blow a hole very easily. The three copper boilerplates for this piece affixed without incident - however, when I opened my baby name book to log the serial number, I discovered that I haven't completely memorized all four-hundred plus names I've chosen. Apollo M323 was made back in 2017 - almost exactly 100 Skunkadelic robots ago, almost exactly six years apart from this new piece. A neat coincidence, but I felt this new one needs his own name. I knocked off the old boilerplate with a hammer and steel punch, and renamed the boy Houston. [caption id="attachment_11663" align="alignnone" width="1900"]A piece of copper labelled 'Apollo', bent and discolored The original name tag of Astrobot M424 after being knocked off the pack with a chisel and metalworking hammer[/caption] In the bicycle chopper gang I founded back in 1996, I chose the name Skunk, but I came very close to choosing the name 'Houston' for myself, as we're sci-fi themed and I thought it would be a fitting name for the founder and leader. In retrospect, that name may have been a wiser choice than 'Skunk'. This piece is very personal for me - as one who spends a great deal of time pretending I'm having space adventures with my friends. I find the connection poetic. My mantra for this piece was "If it's not perfect, it's not good enough". This makes for great art, and for some euphoric times, but also requires a lot of rethinking, a lot of time, and sometimes rework. In the end, I hope to have 'gone where no one has gone before', by making something unique in the universe.]]>
Hoho P423 https://skunkadelia.com/works/hoho/ Fri, 07 Jul 2023 15:24:13 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=11540 The Silver Wings The wings of Hoho once belonged to a silver eagle pin - until I cut it's head off! I also removed the backing pin, trimmed the tail feathers down, and drilled a hole for the machine screw. The pin was in a small collection of charms, necklaces, pins, and other similar items offered by the client as an option for me to include in the piece. Silver can't be welded to steel, but I was able to find the right bolt for the threaded grease port on the hub. It's nice to be able to take them on and off, and the silver is a nice touch against the copper and old chromed steel. The name 'Hoho' is a mash-up of the two last names of the couple who commissioned me to make this beautiful robot as an anniversary celebration gift. Hoho was an absolute pleasure to make. I took my time and enjoyed every moment of the build process. I wanted to give it my all for my comeback piece and I'm satisfied with the results.

Parts List

1950's vintage coaster brake bicycle hub, large nut, two three-speed bicycle gear rings, removable silver wings two hose faucet handles, two large square nuts, four carriage bolts, bicycle headset lock ring, ten three-speed bicycle pawls, quick release axle, seven ball bearings, seventeen lock nuts, eight bicycle chain plates, four flooring nails, nineteen washers, hardware, copper, bronze. 13 x 6 x 3" 3 lbs, 8oz.

Related Links

Proteus Class Care and Maintenance]]>
Java c420 https://skunkadelia.com/works/java/ Tue, 22 Mar 2022 22:07:22 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=11406 Cee c419 https://skunkadelia.com/works/cee/ Tue, 22 Mar 2022 21:50:28 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=11395 Veebee c418 https://skunkadelia.com/works/veebee/ Tue, 22 Mar 2022 21:05:16 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=11385 Python c417 https://skunkadelia.com/works/python/ Tue, 08 Mar 2022 23:50:44 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=11366 Pascal c416 https://skunkadelia.com/works/pascal/ Tue, 08 Mar 2022 23:00:15 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=11355 Nahamani j410 https://skunkadelia.com/works/nahamani/ Sat, 18 Dec 2021 20:10:13 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=7945 Trev C405 https://skunkadelia.com/works/trev-c405/ Thu, 10 Jun 2021 14:01:56 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=7925 Silver i398 https://skunkadelia.com/works/silver/ Thu, 04 Feb 2021 15:56:13 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=7733 Abbot J m394 https://skunkadelia.com/works/abbot-j/ Wed, 16 Dec 2020 16:37:05 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=7307 The Story of Abbot J Read about the genesis of Abbot J in this post entitled The Golden Epaulets of Abbot J.]]> Ka1 i393 https://skunkadelia.com/works/ka1/ Fri, 11 Dec 2020 18:24:45 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=7304 Ardea m390 https://skunkadelia.com/works/ardea/ Thu, 29 Oct 2020 16:20:28 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=6815 Sassy c389 https://skunkadelia.com/works/sassy/ Wed, 15 Jul 2020 15:39:49 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=6674 Beamer a386 https://skunkadelia.com/works/beamer/ Thu, 23 Apr 2020 21:57:56 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=6480 Bernard p384 https://skunkadelia.com/works/bernard/ Thu, 16 Apr 2020 21:11:30 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=6126 ]]> Emma m385 https://skunkadelia.com/works/emma/ Thu, 12 Mar 2020 18:53:37 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=6358 Nash c378 https://skunkadelia.com/works/nash/ Sun, 15 Dec 2019 01:12:27 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=6298 Zilpha m382 https://skunkadelia.com/works/zilpha/ Sun, 15 Dec 2019 01:12:02 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=6297 Johnny ∞ m367 https://skunkadelia.com/works/johnny-infinity/ Tue, 03 Dec 2019 06:41:28 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=6199 Smooch d374 https://skunkadelia.com/works/smooch-2/ Tue, 03 Dec 2019 06:17:13 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=6191 Dyanna t368 https://skunkadelia.com/works/dyanna/ Wed, 13 Nov 2019 04:07:49 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=6130 A Somernovian Story: Skunkadelia & Dyanna from Somernova on Vimeo. Dyanna was a commissioned piece to be the icon of fearless innovation for Somernova. She is located just outside my studio space at the Artisan's Asylum. She loves to have her picture taken with folks who come and visit her. [caption id="attachment_6137" align="alignnone" width="703"] A steel heart was placed in the chest cavity of Dyanna before sealing it in with a backplate.[/caption] Dyanna has a secret: the last thing I gave her was a big strong plasma-cut bronze encrusted robo-heart. Here's the last image taken of the 'Heart of Dyanna' before it was sealed forever into place, never to be seen again. Four CNC tool holders, scuba tank, vintage motorcycle tank, antique truck swilvel ball joint, two Bridgeport handle wheels, two tool holders, acme threaded rod, axe heads, railroad spikes, bolts, bicycles, MBTA garage springs, antique wrenches, antique lathe belt gear, two lathe chucks, two beam connectors, two spindles, steel tubing, motorcycle clutch plate, large gears, nuts, washers, bronze estimated mass: 800 lbs

Where to find Dyanna

Dyanna greets folks as they enter the Somernova Courtyard. See the map below for her exact location. Come and visit! ]]>
Wallace c366 https://skunkadelia.com/works/wallace/ Fri, 13 Sep 2019 05:21:24 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=5827 Lyra m357 https://skunkadelia.com/works/lyra/ Wed, 17 Oct 2018 00:14:11 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=5599 Cameo p358 https://skunkadelia.com/works/cameo/ Tue, 11 Sep 2018 20:14:10 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=5612 IFF Advertisement on the MBTA[/caption] [caption id="attachment_5833" align="alignnone" width="703"]IFF Botston Banner IFF Botston Banner[/caption] [caption id="attachment_5846" align="alignnone" width="703"] IFF Boston 2019 Program Guide[/caption] [caption id="attachment_5847" align="alignnone" width="703"] IFF Boston 2019 Program Guide Inside Front Cover[/caption]]]> Scout m356 https://skunkadelia.com/works/scout/ Mon, 30 Jul 2018 20:52:53 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=5573 Matt c354 https://skunkadelia.com/works/matt/ Thu, 19 Jul 2018 16:35:40 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=5541 Jett c352 https://skunkadelia.com/works/jett/ Fri, 06 Apr 2018 21:00:23 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=5441 Kai i339 https://skunkadelia.com/works/kai/ Mon, 05 Mar 2018 19:11:39 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=5395
My fellow SCUL pilot and friend Couscous had the notion of having a Skunkadelic figurehead for his ship NSC Glittergasm, and he had a very clear idea of what he wanted:
I like the accent of color in Mo, but also the variety of colors in Shelley. I'd love to work with you to pick out parts and figure out how to mount this on Glittergasm if possible - I have a few ideas - while also having it be able to stand on it's own so it can live in my space station during the off season. As for a pose, I like the idea of an arm outstretched forwards because I think that works well for a figurehead. Perhaps the other arm held closer to the body as if holding something? It would also be neat if the hands could have a small hole through them such that I could later create small items for the bot to hold such as a wand or a book. Depending on what part(s) we choose for the eyes, i may also be interested in an insertion point from the back of the eyes such that I could wire in some small lights while the bot was acting as a figurehead.
We got together at my studio space and picked out the parts together. Since Couscous was handy with tools we both got to do some minor alterations of metal before welding. The thick copper body we chose turned out to be much more of a heat sink than expected - and would glow for a good while after welding. This does not typically happen with TIG welds, at least with steel. TIG brazing with silicon bronze to weld copper to steel is tricky, particularly in this small scale. We worked together on ways that this Astrobot could grip an object. Couscous' ship blows bubbles - so I was excited to show him the  metal bubble-wand I had been saving - we needed to chop the middle out so it was proportionate to the robot. I also had a beautiful, small hook clamp which would work nicely to grip the wand. All the pieces came together, so to speak. At the time of this posting, Kai has successfully been mounted on Glittergasm and has fully functional glowing blue optical units already installed.
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Alejandro c345 https://skunkadelia.com/works/alejandro/ Tue, 20 Feb 2018 20:39:34 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=5367 Hawke d337 https://skunkadelia.com/works/hawke-2/ Thu, 11 Jan 2018 01:59:16 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=5345 Jules i348 https://skunkadelia.com/works/jules/ Mon, 04 Dec 2017 20:56:37 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=5282 Liz m338 https://skunkadelia.com/works/liz/ Mon, 04 Dec 2017 20:38:19 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=5280 The Girl With the Purple Cane'.
While I normally don't do portraits, I was excited to give it a try with after watching Liz speak: she has a strong personality and I was excited to see what pieces of metal I could find that would fit together to give the impression and spirit of her. Finding the blue bicycle fork blades that became her jeans was a rare stroke of luck​ - I felt that was a great sign. The bracelet was inspired by her sweatband, and I smiled pretty hard when I welded the head at the right tilt - that's when I think she really came to life. Spare Parts Liz was also the first Astrobot to have glasses, and it took some iterations and even some bench grinding before I felt they were right. Probably the most challenging part was the hand holding the purple cane: to get metal to act as if it's holding a handle, resting some weight. I'm very happy how she seems to be slightly leaning on the cane, but not too heavily. It was also very gratifying to use a small sledgehammer to get her rivet-fingers to curl around.
I learned a lot from listening to the Girl with the Purple cane and it was an honor to make Spare Parts Liz.
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Jackie m328 https://skunkadelia.com/works/jackie/ Mon, 27 Nov 2017 17:03:42 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=5249 Edison m216 https://skunkadelia.com/works/edison-m216/ Thu, 31 Aug 2017 16:06:28 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=5121 Rebar n318 https://skunkadelia.com/works/rebar/ Tue, 29 Aug 2017 14:04:36 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=5090 Judy c315 https://skunkadelia.com/works/judy/ Sat, 08 Jul 2017 18:34:16 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=5073 Gaia m316 https://skunkadelia.com/works/gaia/ Sat, 08 Jul 2017 18:12:13 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=5066 Xander c314 https://skunkadelia.com/works/xander/ Fri, 02 Jun 2017 02:35:21 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=5027 Boston Bike Builder Bash at Ride Headquarters in Sherborn, Massachusetts, on Saturday, June 3rd 2017. 2 lbs, 10 oz. 13 x 6.5 x 4.5"]]> Bart i306 https://skunkadelia.com/works/bart/ Mon, 17 Apr 2017 16:43:39 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=4928 Dot m305 https://skunkadelia.com/works/dot/ Mon, 17 Apr 2017 16:16:44 +0000 https://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=4920 Work By Kelly Shpeley The painting that inspired the creation of "Dot", by artist Kelly Shpeley[/caption] Dot was inspired by this painting by Kelly Shpeley. As the client and I hand-picked parts from my metal collection, we kept referring to the painting as 'the photograph from the future.' While at first I has a difficult time imagining solutions to the glass dome, the bendy arms and legs and the heart, I thought we'd give it a shot and see what happens. I'm proud of Dot quite a lot. thirteen bicycle parts, machine block, two lathe chuck jaws, two valves, two springs, acme threaded rod, two ball bearings, gear, two reamer blades, copper, bronze, enamel 8 lbs. 6 oz. 12 x 5 x 6.5 in.]]> Hugo c248 https://skunkadelia.com/works/hugo/ Fri, 03 Feb 2017 17:48:48 +0000 http://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=4814 Kepler m254 https://skunkadelia.com/works/kepler/ Fri, 03 Feb 2017 17:29:36 +0000 http://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=4806 Proteus Class. Essentially he stands around waving his arms at everyone, it gives him great story-telling body language. sixty bicycle parts, two milling blades, castle nut, balance scale bell, forged plant hanger, vegetable steamer louver, six nuts, three bolts, four washers, bronze, copper, steel, enamel 9 lbs. 6 oz. 23 x 14 x 4"]]> Stever m187 and Q m188 https://skunkadelia.com/works/stever-and-q/ Wed, 19 Oct 2016 03:29:54 +0000 http://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=4670 Q Twenty three bicycle parts, sixteen hole saws, fan motor, bike tool, two typewriter parts, eight nails, four recessed bolts, two steamer parts, bolt, Nemodymium magnet, bronze, steel.

Stever

Thirty-four bicycle parts, eight springs, three washers, machine screw, bolt, Nemodymium magnet, bronze, steel.  ]]>
Jenavieve p253 https://skunkadelia.com/works/jenavieve/ Wed, 05 Oct 2016 16:47:36 +0000 http://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=4640 Charlie m186 https://skunkadelia.com/works/charlie/ Tue, 04 Oct 2016 05:48:24 +0000 http://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=4627 Jeff i274 https://skunkadelia.com/works/jeff/ Thu, 29 Sep 2016 02:39:11 +0000 http://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=4539 Pokarok m289 https://skunkadelia.com/works/pokarok/ Thu, 22 Sep 2016 15:25:32 +0000 http://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=4461 Custom Astrodroid made in collaboration with client. Nicknamed Podie. Podie is a she. 45 lbs. 3 oz. 11 x 10 x 7]]> Otto 316 m275 https://skunkadelia.com/works/otto-316-m275/ Thu, 22 Sep 2016 14:57:57 +0000 http://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=4454 Ryan m291 https://skunkadelia.com/works/ryan/ Thu, 15 Sep 2016 05:33:05 +0000 http://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=4412 Edvard i290 https://skunkadelia.com/works/edvard/ Wed, 10 Aug 2016 22:32:59 +0000 http://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=4368 Roger m293 https://skunkadelia.com/works/roger/ Wed, 06 Jan 2016 18:22:55 +0000 http://skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=4057 Opa m224 https://skunkadelia.com/works/opa/ Thu, 13 Mar 2014 05:46:07 +0000 http://www.skunkadelia.com/?post_type=product&p=2453 Born from Two Toolboxes Once upon a time, a weld student brought a couple of toolboxes to class with him. While show-and-tell for projects that pupils have in mind are encouraged, these toolboxes were not a project for him, but rather for me. Turns out this student had a grandfather who was a precision machinist, and -- as you may guess, every precision machinist has accrued at least a couple of toolboxes worth of incredible tools. For me, opening these two boxes was like opening pair of treasure chests. Then the floor dropped as he asks me if I'd be up for making a robot out of some of these parts.

Daunt Loses Out

While I have only begun to dabble in the way of the milling machine, precision tooling has a quality that is impossible to ignore. Precision is a difficult word to expand upon: these little jewels as have extremely square edges, a katana-like shine, laser engraved serial numbers, and occasionally hand engraved notes. Most of the objects I chose were functional, which normally would be off my weld-diet. However, for this Astrobot and under these circumstances, the challenge of helping these parts evolve into an emoting homage to the craft seemed justified. I tried my best to build Opa to be a robot with synergy: the phrase 'more than the sum of his parts' seems closer to literal than ususal. Whenever I picked up a part out of the toolbox to study, I could almost feel my precision-machinist friends looming over me, asking "Do you even know what that is?" If I chose to use a part that had the potential to be useful for someone who practices such a high level of craft, I had to do that part some serious homage.

Parts and Weld Wire

There is one part that didn't come from the toolboxes, but rather from the Skunkadelic scrap collection: a choice vintage Sears three-speed bicycle hub. Building an Astrobot from such a limited palette was a great way for me to break a few tried-and-true habits. I couldn't rely on my usual choices, such as three-speed cog eyes and fingers made from pawls and rods. Welding these parts was a real treat: while scrap steel can be unpredictable, even messy, regardless of skill level and cleanliness, these parts joined together as if it was their purpose. I was able to show off with a couple of tricks: The left and right hamstrings are a brass threaded rod and a spring respectively. While these are two things that hate being melted and stuck to steel, they submitted to the right touch and a little silicon-bronze filler wire.

Milling Machine Judges, What's the Score?

Opa stands here; naked before all the old-timers with their basement Bridgeports and similar toolbox treasure chests. I earnestly hope he is found to be an honest attempt at a tip-of-the headband-magnifier.]]>